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	<title>Council on Hemispheric Affairs &#187; Mercosur</title>
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	<description>COHA is an NGO specialized in monitoring Latin American and Canadian Relations for more than 30 years...</description>
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		<title>In Response to: &#8220;Peru Summit: Latin American Presidents To Sign Trade Accord&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://www.coha.org/in-response-to-peru-summit-latin-american-presidents-to-sign-trade-accord/</link>
		<comments>http://www.coha.org/in-response-to-peru-summit-latin-american-presidents-to-sign-trade-accord/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Jun 2011 21:58:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Chile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[COHA Letters to the Editor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Colombia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mercosur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mexico]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peru]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.coha.org/?p=14824</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Dear Editor, Regarding your April 28, 2011 article, “Peru Summit: Latin American Presidents To Sign Trade Accord”, please permit a few words concerning the recently inked Pacific Alliance. Approximately a month ago, the presidents of Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, signed the Pacific Alliance. The pact was initially conceptualized to be a roadmap to facilitate the increased economic integration of a market that could effectively compete against some of the region’s other major economies and regional trade groups (chiefly Mercosur). The economic agreement set out to further link these intermediate countries through the liberalization of trade in goods, services, capital, and human resources, as well as to facilitate technical and economic cooperation among the four founders. The Pacific Alliance is now undertaking a strategic maneuver against the increasing economic power of Mercosur members, particularly its leader, Brazil. This southern cone alliance was formed as a more efficient alternative to Mercosur, which has been limited by the slow pace that has hindered the elimination of its trade barriers. Despite the relatively limited trade successes enjoyed by Mercosur countries since its birth in 1991, the pact still represents the dominant economic powers of Latin America. The greatest challenge for the Alliance is to [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.coha.org/in-response-to-peru-summit-latin-american-presidents-to-sign-trade-accord/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>No “Common Policy,” as Europe Grapples over its Future ties with Cuba.</title>
		<link>http://www.coha.org/no-common-policy-as-europe-grapples-over-its-future-ties-with-cuba/</link>
		<comments>http://www.coha.org/no-common-policy-as-europe-grapples-over-its-future-ties-with-cuba/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 22:43:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cuba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Front Page]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mercosur]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.coha.org/?p=7940</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[– Spain takes the lead in trying to adapt the EU to Cuba’s rapidly transforming role. In January, Spain took over the presidency of the Council of the European Union. Despite being deeply affected by the global financial crisis, Spain confidently proclaimed ambitious objectives for its term at the head of the EU, including the cancellation of the EU’s “Common Position.” The latter defines the EU policy towards Cuba that has been in place since 1996. During his two-day visit to the Caribbean island last October, Spanish foreign minister Miguel Angel Moratinos stated that Spain wants “to give up the Common Position in order to obtain bilateral agreements.” Undoubtedly the motivations behind Spain’s initiative are at least partially economic in nature. Moratinos explained that the Iberian nation has negotiated for Cuban authorities to pay their debts to Spanish companies. Cuba’s president Raúl Castro has promised to repeal the payment block of approximately $300 million due to the 280 Spanish companies currently operating in Cuba or have some other financial stake in the country. After strong opposition from Eastern European members, states such as the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia, Spain eventually withdrew its initiative allowing the EU to maintain the [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.coha.org/no-common-policy-as-europe-grapples-over-its-future-ties-with-cuba/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Politicization of MERCOSUR: With a Divided Past, Is There Hope for a United Future?</title>
		<link>http://www.coha.org/the-politicization-of-mercosur-with-a-divided-past-is-there-hope-for-a-united-future/</link>
		<comments>http://www.coha.org/the-politicization-of-mercosur-with-a-divided-past-is-there-hope-for-a-united-future/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2008 19:34:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Argentina]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Front Page]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mercosur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Press Releases]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.coha.org/2008/07/the-politicization-of-mercosur-with-a-divided-past-is-there-hope-for-a-united-future/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Today the leaders of Mercosur are convening in Tucumán, Argentina for their semi-annual conference and for the inauguration of Brazil’s Luis Inácio Lula da Silva as its pro-tempore president. San Miguel de Tucumán, the largest city in northwestern Argentina and the capital of the province of Tucumán, was the site of Argentine independence from Spain in 1816. Mercosur should take advantage of the historic significance of this site and use this meeting to redefine itself independently from other regional integration schemes and trade blocs. If Mercosur seeks to maintain the recognized international legitimacy it has worked so hard to achieve over the past seventeen years, it needs to clearly identify its goals for the future. History of the Common Market of the South In 1991, the Treaty of Asunción established the Mercado Común del Sur, commonly referred to as Mercosur. With this treaty, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay committed themselves to increasing regional integration and eliminating obstacles to internal trade. Modeled after the European Union (EU), the trade bloc is now one of the largest and most influential commercial trade zones in the world, and is responsible for more than three-fourths of the economic activity on the continent. While Argentina, [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Greater Significance of the 2008 EU-LAC Conference</title>
		<link>http://www.coha.org/the-greater-significance-of-the-2008-eu-lac-conference/</link>
		<comments>http://www.coha.org/the-greater-significance-of-the-2008-eu-lac-conference/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Jun 2008 21:00:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Front Page]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mercosur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peru]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Press Releases]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.coha.org/2008/06/the-greater-significance-of-the-2008-eu-lac-conference/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The fifth biennial summit between members of the European Union and Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) Countries was held in Lima, Peru on May 16-17, 2008.  In spite of the regions’ active pursuit of tangible agreements that would address the problems of poverty and development, little progress was made.  The lack of progress was a devastating blow to the legitimacy of the conference.  Leaders of both regions must be held accountable for this lack of progress, and need to realize that future relations between these two regions depend on the achievement of goals set for summits like Lima.  
<br />
<b>History of the Strategic Partnership</b><br />
In 1999, the first summit between member states of the EU and LAC was held in Rio de Janeiro.   At Rio, forty-eight heads of state attempted to address some of the issues affecting their respective countries and to find collaborative solutions to those issues. Both regions also aspired to strengthen consensus on international issues so that they could be contentious with other international powers, especially the United States.
<br />
<a href="http://www.coha.org/2008/06/the-greater-significance-of-the-2008-eu-lac-conference/">For Full Article Click Here</a>
<br />
This analysis was prepared by COHA Research Associate Kristin Bushby
<br />
<br />
<font size="5"><b>EU Recognizes Significance of Reforms under Raúl Castro and Inefficiency of Sanctions: Will the US be as Clever?</b></font>
<br />
On June 19, 2008, the European Union (EU) unanimously voted to lift its 2003 diplomatic sanctions against Cuba despite the traditional destructive negativity of countries like the Czech Republic and Sweden who affirm that Raúl Castro has not implemented sufficient reforms to warrant this measure. The sanctions limited the ability of high-level government officials to visit Cuba and participate in its cultural events while establishing amicable relations with Cuban dissidents. This decision, spearheaded by Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, aims to encourage further liberalization through dialogue that is “unconditional, reciprocal, non-discriminatory and results-oriented… in the context of the recent changes initiated by President Raúl Castro.” It calls upon Cuban authorities to protect human rights and release political prisoners while resuming economic aid to the island. In a year, the EU will review the island’s progress and, if this measure proves ineffective, they can reconsider their strategy to further encourage the democratization process.
<br />
<a href="http://www.coha.org/2008/06/eu-recognizes-significance-of-reforms-under-raul-castro-and-inefficiency-of-sanctions-will-the-us-be-as-clever/"> For Full Article Click Here</a>
<br />
This analysis was prepared by COHA Research Associate Michelle Quiles]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Still on the Drawing Board: the Banco del Sur a Half Year Later</title>
		<link>http://www.coha.org/still-on-the-drawing-board-the-banco-del-sur-a-half-year-later/</link>
		<comments>http://www.coha.org/still-on-the-drawing-board-the-banco-del-sur-a-half-year-later/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 May 2008 16:06:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Argentina]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bolivia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[COHA Opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Front Page]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mercosur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reports]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.coha.org/2008/05/27/still-on-the-drawing-board-the-banco-del-sur-a-half-year-later/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div class="superbox">
<h3 align="center">COHA and the history of the Argentine human rights situation</h3>
<br />
COHA Director Larry Birns was recently mentioned in Hugo Alconada Mon's article, "Piden desclasificar los archivos sobre los desaparecidos," in <em>La Nación</em>.  The article may be accessed by clicking on the following link:

<a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=1013271">http://www.lanacion.com/ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=1013271</a>
</div>
<br />


•	In the wake of the third summit of heads of state for the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), the newest development is the creation of a South American Defense Council. One question still in the air, however, is what happened to the Banco del Sur, the South American development bank that was so heavily hyped a half year ago?
•	The Banco del Sur may become an important actor throughout the continent, but for this to happen its members first need to agree on the subscribed capital upon which it will be levied.
•	Once the bank’s capital subscription is decided, future challenges await: How to allocate the voting shares distribution and how to achieve high quality portfolios and credit ratings. 

In December 2007, presidents from seven of the thirteen South American countries met in Argentina to create the Banco del Sur, a development bank originally advocated by Venezuela’s President Hugo Chávez as a substitute for international financial institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF )and the World Bank. However, as the Banco del Sur is still on the drawing board and its purpose still debated, the only relatively fixed points are the countries which have agreed to be members: the leftists Bolivia, Ecuador and Venezuela, and the moderate left-leaning Mercosur countries, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. The question at hand is whether the newborn Banco del Sur will be able to live up to the challenges of running a successful sub-regional development bank while still making a coherent and strong ideological statement.
]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
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